I nursed them up with pain and care, Nor cost nor labour I did spare. Yet, the main complaint Puritans had was the requirement that clergy wear the white surplice and clerical cap. However, the effect of baptism was disputed. Laws banned the practice of individuals toasting each other, with the explanation that it led to wasting God's gift of beer and wine, as well as being carnal. Unwilling to do so, the government issued orders for his immediate return to England in January , but John Winthrop warned Williams, allowing him to escape. The struggle between the assertive Church of England and various Presbyterian and Puritan groups extended throughout the English realm in the 17th Century, prompting not only the re-emigration of British Protestants from Ireland to North America the so-called Scotch-Irish , but prompting emigration from Bermuda , England's second-oldest overseas territory. The period — saw the execution of Quakers see Boston martyrs and the imprisonment of Baptists. Johns Hopkins University Press. These celebrations consisted of food and conversation. Puritanism first emerged as a distinct movement in a controversy over clerical vestments and liturgical practices during
Part of a series on. It counseled moderation within a psychology that saw worldly prosperity as a sign of divine favor. Puritan Gentry Besieged — Discovery Enterprises. As sinners, every person deserved damnation. The Puritan movement of Jacobean times became distinctive by adaptation and compromise, with the emergence of "semi-separatism", "moderate puritanism", the writings of William Bradshaw who adopted the term "Puritan" for himself , and the beginnings of Congregationalism. In New England, where Congregationalism was the official religion, the Puritans exhibited intolerance of other religious views, including Quaker , Anglican and Baptist theologies. Namespaces Article Talk.
Main article: List of Puritans. Similar to Max Weber 's famous claim on the link between the Protestant work ethic and the capitalist economy , Merton argued for a similar positive correlation between the rise of English Puritanism, as well as German Pietism , and early experimental science. Some Puritans refused to bow on hearing the name of Jesus, to make the sign of the cross in baptism, use wedding rings or the organ. Once in New England, the Puritans established Congregational churches that subscribed to Reformed theology. Main article: Definitions of Puritanism. Puritans felt that they had a direct covenant with God to enact these reforms. The Cambridge Companion to Puritanism. Eventually, Charles I will be overthrown, and the puritan dictator Oliver Cromwell will take power. They suggested it be rewritten as "we commit his body [etc. In churches with only one minister, the morning sermon was devoted to the argument interpreting the biblical text and justifying that interpretation and the afternoon sermon to its application the lessons that could be drawn from the text for the individual or for the collective community.
The Puritans did not come to America to establish a theocracy , but neither did they institute religious freedom. Williams refused to back down, and the General Court warned Salem not to install him in any official position. Further information: History of the Puritans in North America. Puritanism in American Life Puritanism gave Americans a sense of history as a progressive drama under the direction of God, in which they played a role akin to, if not prophetically aligned with, that of the Old Testament Jews as a new chosen people. In the aftermath of the crisis, ministers realized the need for greater communication between churches and standardization of preaching. Wikimedia Commons Wikiquote. All residents in Massachusetts and Connecticut were required to pay taxes for the support of the Congregational churches, even if they were religious dissenters. Main article: History of the Puritans. The major point of controversy between Puritans and church authorities was over liturgical ceremonies Puritans thought too Catholic, such as wearing clerical vestments , kneeling to receive Holy Communion , and making the sign of the cross during baptism. Scarecrow Press.
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